Comparative Analysis of Diplomacy and Peacekeeping Forces in Resolving International Conflicts in Africa

Abstract

This paper provides a comparative analysis of diplomacy and peacekeeping forces as approaches to resolving international conflicts in Africa. With the continent frequently impacted by political instability, territorial disputes, and socioeconomic challenges, effective conflict resolution mechanisms are essential. Diplomacy, rooted in negotiation, dialogue, and compromise, serves as a nonviolent method for deescalating tensions and fostering cooperation. In contrast, peacekeeping forces offer a more interventionist approach, often deployed to enforce ceasefires, maintain security, and protect civilians in conflict zones. This analysis examines the effectiveness, strengths, and limitations of both approaches within the African context, with case studies focusing on interventions by regional organizations, such as the African Union, and international entities like the United Nations. While diplomacy is effective in the preliminary stages of conflict resolution and offers sustainable, long term solutions, peacekeeping operations are essential in high intensity conflict scenarios, where immediate security concerns must be addressed. The study concludes by suggesting that a combine approach, incorporating both diplomatic efforts and peacekeeping operations, can enhance stability in Africa, provided there is international cooperation, sufficient funding, and a focus on addressing root causes of conflict.